How to Make and Store Hay for Livestock in Kenya’s Arid Areas (ASALs) – Drought-Resilient Feed Guide

Knowing how to make hay and store it as a forage crop in the dry areas has become a vital skill for farmers, youth groups, and Eco Clubs working to address growing challenges like drought, pasture scarcity, and unreliable rainfall. As climate change intensifies, hay production in Kenya using drought-resistant forage crops such as Rhodes grass, Brachiaria, and Buffel grass offers a practical and sustainable solution. Proper hay storage techniques not only help preserve feed quality but also support livestock health and protect livelihoods during the dry season.

For young people involved in Eco Clubs, 4K Clubs, and school or community agriculture projects, learning how to make and store hay is a valuable skill that directly supports climate action, animal protection, and food security.

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Step 1: Choose the Right Grass for ASALs

Start by selecting drought-tolerant grasses that can thrive with minimal rainfall:

• Brachiaria grass – High in protein and well suited for semi-arid areas

• Rhodes grass – Common in commercial hay production

• Cenchrus ciliaris (Buffel grass) – Resilient in dry, sandy soils

🚫 Avoid soft, moisture-rich grasses like young Napier unless you have excellent drying and storage conditions.

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Step 2: Harvest at the Right Time

To produce nutrient-rich hay, harvest your grass at the early flowering stage—just before the seeds fully form. This stage offers the best balance of yield and feed value.

❗ Avoid harvesting after rain: wet grass takes longer to dry and is prone to molding.

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Step 3: Drying the Hay Properly

Hay must be dried properly to prevent rot and preserve its quality.

• Spread cut grass on a clean, dry surface in the sun.

• Turn the grass daily to ensure even drying.

• After 2–3 days, test for moisture. Well-dried hay should feel crisp and have only 15–20% moisture.

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Step 4: Baling & Safe Storage

Once dry, hay should be baled tightly for easy handling and long-term storage.

Manual baling (for small groups or school projects):

• Use ropes or twine to tie the hay into tight, manageable bundles.

Machine baling (for larger operations):

• Use a baler to produce uniform, compact bales.

Storage Guidelines:

• Keep hay off the ground using pallets, timber, or stones.

• Cover bales with a tarpaulin or plastic sheet to protect from rain.

• Store in a well-ventilated shed or room to prevent mold and heat buildup.

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Step 5: Feeding Livestock

• Introduce hay gradually to your animals, especially if they are used to fresh pasture.

• For better nutrition, supplement hay with legumes (like desmodium or lucerne) or protein-rich feed blocks.

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Common Challenges & Practical Youth Solutions

✅ Tip: Consider documenting your project and sharing results during agriculture field days or science fairs.

🌱 Call to Action for Eco Clubs of Kenya

As climate champions in your schools and communities, Eco Clubs have the power to lead change. Hay production is not only a practical solution to drought—it’s also a way to learn about sustainable agriculture, protect animal welfare, and support food systems in crisis.

Here’s how your club can take action:

• 🌾 Start a small hay demonstration plot at your school or community land

• 🤝 Partner with local farmers or county officers for training and mentorship

• 🧠 Use your club meetings to learn about animal nutrition, climate-smart farming, and conservation

• 📷 Share photos and lessons from your hay project during exhibitions or school events

Let’s grow knowledge, grow feed, and grow our future — together.